⚛️ Minerals & Rocks — printable rubric packet (Earth Science Unit 02). Print 8.5×11 portrait. Every page is designed for clipboard use while you grade at the bench.
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▲ Page 1 — Unit overview
Bright Minds Earth Science · Course Pack
Minerals & Rocks — Unit Packet
Overview
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Use these targets, vocabulary, rubrics, examples, and score sheet with the instructor's approved lesson and procedure. This is an assessment companion, not a complete lesson or safety authorization.

Student lessons, data, and worked answers: Unit 02 learning pathway.

Unit learning targets

The student demonstrates the following:

How this unit is assessed

Mastery rubric

Five science criteria plus separately reported integration (Page 3).

Supplied property records

Use density, bounds and independent properties at the agreed level.

Oral check

Defend the limited-key comparison and new-card transfer (Page 4).

Lab notebook

Retain calculations, point-count denominators, sources and limits.

How to read a Bright Minds rubric

You are making a decision, not adding up points. For each criterion, decide whether the work is Developing, Proficient, or Mastery — the column language tells you which. A criterion counts as mastered only when the student can both calculate and justify the reference-based inference. Each student has three tokens per term; each token retries one rubric criterion. Approved accommodations, equipment failures, and approved absences are handled separately and do not consume these tokens.

▲ Page 2 — Key terms
Minerals & Rocks · Vocabulary
Key Terms — What Counts as Correct
Vocabulary
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Accept listed synonyms; use the distinction column to resolve near-matches.

Canonical answerAccepted synonymsCommon confusion / discriminator
Mineral properties
Streakcolor of the powderThe powder color — more reliable than the surface color
HardnessMohs scale; scratch resistanceRanked 1–10; a harder mineral scratches a softer one
Lustermetallic / non-metallic shineHow the surface reflects light; not the same as color
Cleavagebreaks along flat planesFlat, repeatable planes vs. fracture (an irregular break)
The rock families
Igneous rockcooled from magma or lavaIntrusive (slow, coarse) vs. extrusive (fast, fine)
Sedimentary rockcemented sediment; layered rockOften layered; the family that can hold fossils
Metamorphic rockreworked by heat & pressureChanged in the solid state, not melted
Mineral vs. rockone substance vs. an aggregateA mineral is one composition; a rock is made of minerals
The rock cycle
Rock cyclerocks change form over timeAny rock can become any other; not a fixed one-way path
Weatheringbreakdown of rock at the surfaceProduces the sediment sedimentary rock is made from
Cementationsediment glued into rockThe step that turns loose grains into sedimentary rock
Acid testfizz with dilute acidCarbonate minerals like calcite fizz — a quick ID check
▲ Page 3 — Mastery rubric
Minerals & Rocks · Mastery Rubric
Six Criteria — Developing / Proficient / Mastery
Rubric
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CriterionDevelopingProficientMastery
Mineral properties and densityGuesses identity from color or miscalculates density.Calculates density but needs help using independent properties.At the agreed level, calculates density or bounds and defends a limited-key identification using supplied independent properties.
The three rock familiesCannot sort a specimen into igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic.Names the families but cannot say how each one forms.Classifies a rock into its family and explains the process — cooling, cementing, or heat and pressure — that produced it.
The rock cycleThinks rocks are permanent and unchanging.Recites the cycle as a loop but cannot trace a real pathway.Traces how any rock can become any other through melting, weathering, deposition, and metamorphism, with time and energy as the drivers.
Minerals versus rocksConfuses a mineral with a rock or count with mass.Finds proportions but omits the sampling denominator.At the agreed level, calculates rock-image point fractions and explains why they are not mineral mass fractions.
Reference analysis methodInvents properties or unsafe tests.Uses the reference key but incompletely records evidence.Retains source, property records and limitations; distinguishes supplied evidence from practical specimen handling.
Integration (cross-domain)Makes no supported connection between the source and the science.Uses the source but needs help connecting evidence, writing, or limitations to the science.Independently connects History, Reading, and Writing using a cited source, appropriate evidence, a limitation, and a scientific explanation.
What “Mastery” requires
The student calculates at the agreed level and defends the independent property evidence and a fresh transfer.
What does not pass
A color-only guess or density without independent evidence does not establish mastery, even if the name happens to be right.
Grading it at home

Ask which properties discriminate in the supplied key and whether density bounds overlap. No chemical or destructive tests are assigned. A worksheet is not evidence of practical testing skill.

▲ Page 4 — Anchor exemplars
Minerals & Rocks · Calibration
Anchor Exemplars — To Calibrate Your Ear
Anchors
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Read these before you grade. They show what Mastery and Developing actually sound like, plus the edge cases where you should coach rather than decide on the spot.

Density and independent evidence

▶ Mastery
“A is 81/30 = 2.70 g/cm^3, but its bounds overlap B’s. Hardness and cleavage distinguish the supplied candidates. Forty quartz points out of 100 is 40% of points, not mass.”
▶ Developing
“It’s kind of reddish, so maybe it’s rust?” (Color-only guess, no streak or hardness to back it.)

Integration — Steno & the birth of geology

▶ Mastery
“Steno worked out that in undisturbed layers the bottom one is the oldest — superposition. That’s still how we read a road cut, and it’s why a rock isn’t permanent: bury it deep enough and it can melt and start over.”
▶ Developing
“Steno was some old scientist.” (A name with no link to how we read rock or why it matters.)

Edge cases — coach, don’t fail

▶ Rock-permanence slip
Says a mountain “has always been there.” Coach: mountains rise and wear away over deep time; a rock is a stage in the cycle, not a permanent object. Common, fixable.
▶ Mineral vs. rock
Uses “rock” and “mineral” as the same word. Coach: a mineral is one substance with an ordered structure; a rock is an aggregate of minerals.
▲ Page 5 — Score sheet (clipboard)
Minerals & Rocks · Score Sheet
Unit Score Sheet — One per student
Score Sheet
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Student: ______________________________________    Date: _______________    Guide: _________________________

Mastery criteria — circle one per row

#CriterionDecisionNotes
1Mineral properties and densityDev / Prof / Mast
2The three rock familiesDev / Prof / Mast
3The rock cycleDev / Prof / Mast
4Minerals versus rocksDev / Prof / Mast
5Reference analysis methodDev / Prof / Mast
6Integration (cross-domain)Dev / Prof / Mast

Property analysis — evidence check

Used a token this session?

☐ No    ☐ Yes — for criterion: __________
Tokens left this term after this session (choose one): ☐ 3   ☐ 2   ☐ 1   ☐ None left

Dev = Developing · Prof = Proficient · Mast = Mastery · Unsure between two levels? Circle the lower one and note what a re-do would need.