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Bright Minds. Environmental Science Environmental Science course pack

Unit 05 · Water Resources & Pollution

Fresh water is scarce, shared, and easily fouled. This unit follows water across a watershed and down into groundwater and aquifers, then asks what pollutes it — point sources you can name and nonpoint runoff you can’t. You’ll trace how nutrient loading drives eutrophication, why biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and dissolved oxygen tell you a stream’s health, how water is treated, and what water scarcity means for people. Mastery means you can test a water sample and read its story — where it came from, what’s in it, and what that costs the ecosystem.

CriterionNot yetApproachingMastered
Watersheds & groundwaterCannot say where the water in a stream comes from.Names watersheds and aquifers but cannot trace flow between them.Traces water through a watershed into groundwater and aquifers and explains how recharge and withdrawal balance.
Point vs nonpoint pollutionTreats all pollution as one kind.Defines point and nonpoint sources but misclassifies examples.Classifies a pollution source as point or nonpoint and explains why nonpoint runoff is harder to control.
Eutrophication & dissolved oxygenCannot connect nutrients to a dead zone.Names eutrophication but not the oxygen crash behind it.Explains how nutrient loading drives eutrophication, algal bloom, decomposition, and the BOD-driven collapse of dissolved oxygen.
Water treatment & scarcityAssumes water is limitless and always clean.Lists treatment steps but cannot link them to scarcity.Outlines how water is treated and explains what drives water scarcity and competition for it.
Field technique (water-quality testing)Misreads the test kit or contaminates the sample.Runs the tests but records dissolved oxygen, nitrate, or pH inconsistently.Tests dissolved oxygen, nitrate, turbidity, and pH cleanly and reads the results as a diagnosis of the water’s health.
Integration (cross-domain)Treats the science as isolated facts; makes no cross-domain connection.Names a link to history, reading, or writing but cannot defend why it matters.Connects the unit to its anchor across History · Reading · Writing (plus chosen electives) and defends why the connection matters.
Mastered sounds like

“Downstream of the golf course the nitrate was high, dissolved oxygen was low, and turbidity had spiked — classic nonpoint runoff feeding an algal bloom. When the algae die, decomposers use up the oxygen; that’s the BOD climbing. Nothing with gills survives a reading that low.”

Not yet sounds like

“The water was a little green. pH is how clean it is, maybe. I got some numbers off the kit but I don’t know which one matters.”

How mastery works

You demonstrate this unit through water-quality testing — dissolved oxygen, nitrate, turbidity, and pH — reading your results as a diagnosis of the water’s health aloud, not on a multiple-choice test. A criterion counts as mastered only when your measurements support a defensible claim about the source and the pollution. Mastery is demonstrated, not awarded.

Printable packet for parents & guides

A 5-page clipboard packet — unit overview, key terms, the mastery rubric, anchor examples, and a score sheet you can print and grade against.

Open printable packet